一、鋁基復(fù)合材料概述
　　1、 Overview of Aluminum Matrix Composites
　　鋁板生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)家向您介紹鋁基復(fù)合材料的知識(shí):
　　The aluminum plate manufacturer introduces you to the knowledge of aluminum matrix composite materials:
　　1、自20世紀(jì)60年代以來(lái)，碳纖維、硼纖維、碳化硅纖維、芳綸纖維等高性能纖維得到了發(fā)展。以它們?yōu)樵鰪?qiáng)材料，以金屬為基體制備復(fù)合材料是現(xiàn)代復(fù)合材料研究和發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要課題。

　　1. Since the 1960s, carbon fiber, boron fiber, silicon carbide fiber, aramid fiber and other high-performance fibers have been developed. It is an important subject for the research and development of modern composite materials to prepare composite materials with them as reinforcement materials and metal as matrix.
　　2、鋁基復(fù)合材料和樹(shù)脂基復(fù)合材料,除了小密度、強(qiáng)度和模量高,線(xiàn)膨脹系數(shù)小,和其他特征,也耐高溫、熱導(dǎo)率和電導(dǎo)率高,不易燃,適用于航空航天工業(yè)、軍事工業(yè)、汽車(chē)工業(yè)和其它民用行業(yè)。
　　2. Aluminum matrix composite materials and resin matrix composite materials, in addition to small density, high strength and modulus, small coefficient of linear expansion, and other characteristics, also have high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity and conductivity, and are not flammable. They are suitable for aerospace industry, military industry, automobile industry and other civil industries.
　　二、鋁基復(fù)合材料的分類(lèi)
　　2、 Classification of Aluminum Matrix Composites
　　鋁基復(fù)合材料可分為纖維增強(qiáng)型(包括短纖維)、顆粒晶須增強(qiáng)型、層狀型(交替層壓型)和定向凝固共晶型。
　　Aluminum matrix composites can be divided into fiber-reinforced type (including short fiber), particle whisker reinforced type, layered type (alternating lamination type) and directional solidification eutectic type.
　　纖維增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料具有良好的綜合性能。但長(zhǎng)纖維價(jià)格高，制備工藝復(fù)雜，成本高，發(fā)展和應(yīng)用有限，主要用于航天、軍工和少數(shù)民用行業(yè)。
　　Fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites have good comprehensive properties. However, the long fiber with high price, complex preparation process, high cost and limited development and application is mainly used in aerospace, military industry and a few civil industries.
　　顆粒增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料制備工藝簡(jiǎn)單，顆粒增強(qiáng)材料價(jià)格不高，成本低。顆粒增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能雖不如纖維增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料高，但與基體鋁合金相比，其硬度、模量、耐磨性、疲勞性能、高溫屈服強(qiáng)度和熱穩(wěn)定性都有較大提高。由于增強(qiáng)體均勻分散在鋁基體中，復(fù)合材料各向同性，因此復(fù)合材料具有很大的應(yīng)用潛力。該材料是國(guó)內(nèi)外研究開(kāi)發(fā)的熱點(diǎn)，實(shí)際應(yīng)用范圍不斷擴(kuò)大。
　　The preparation process of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite is simple, the price of particle reinforced material is not high, and the cost is low. The mechanical properties of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite are not as good as that of fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite, but compared with the matrix aluminum alloy, its hardness, modulus, wear resistance, fatigue performance, high temperature yield strength and thermal stability are greatly improved. Because the reinforcement is uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix and the composite is isotropic, the composite has great application potential. This material is a hot spot of research and development at home and abroad, and its practical application scope is expanding.
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